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Church of the East China
History
Christianity is known as Jingjiao (), or light religion was introduced to China by the Eastern Church, Sassanian Persia centered in the seventh century. The Nestorian stele, erected in the Tang capital of Chang'an in 781 and rediscovered in February 1625, describes the first introduction of Christianity and subsequent flowering of Christian communities throughout China. According to the stele, the first Nestorian mission was led by cleric Alope Persians in 635, which would place it in the reign of Yeshuyab II, Catholicos-Patriarch of the East, an important figure in the history of the church.
The Tang met Christian missionaries in China at the height of its cultural, intellectual and administrative achievement. Its people had long lived in an atmosphere of religious syncretism. When Tang forces conquered Turkestan (630) and reopened the old trade route to the West, the Persian Alope priest led a group of priests to evangelize Nestorian this empire.
In 635 he was received by Prime Minister Hiuen Duke Fang-ling, in Chang-an (Hsian-Fu), consistent with broad policy of tolerance Emperor and interest in fostering foreign religions. With students assigned to assist him, ALOP translated the holy book into Chinese, and in July 638 the Emperor graciously gave a proclamation ordering the publication and dissemination of this translation of the Holy Bible. "Let it be preached freely in our empire." [Citation needed]
The Sutra of Jesus the Messiah, attempted to introduce the Chinese to the Christian faith, specifically pointed out that the gospel contained nothing subversive traditions ancient China, the loyalty to the state and filial piety, being of the essence of the law of Christ.
The next emperor, Kausung, is pleased to continue the policy emperor Taitsung of tolerance toward Christianity. He was pleased enough to allow construction of Nestorian Christian churches in all provinces of China, and grant Alope the title of "Great Conservatives for the Doctrine of the protector of the Empire" (ie, metropolitan Chang-an). [Citation needed]
Undeterred by the challenge, the Nestorian monasteries built and staffed in the main cities of China. They were also quite aggressive in its announcement of the Christian faith. They persevered in their efforts to phrase the Christian message in the language of the court Confucian philosophy in order to intellectually acceptable to the literati.
The Nestorians experienced a series of setbacks as a result of intrigues among the bureaucrats of Confucius, the jealousy of Taoist and Buddhist leaders, and the upheavals of civil war. For your knowledge medical and surgical skills that gave a good name of their faith, but its top-heavy, the Chinese leadership did not tend to lead to be classified with Buddhism and Zoroastrianism as another religion, "foreign." Despite their monasteries were self-sufficient, self-governing and self-propagating entities, the Chinese were only allowed clergy to fill the lower ranks. They depended largely on their representatives to the initiative and leadership.
The vitality of the Nestorian church diminished over time. The main reason was the frequent interruption of their links with their centers in Mesopotamia. In their isolation, the Nestorian Church in China accounts for more Chinese culture to the extent that some of the early 20th century historians thought they had fallen prey to the syncretistic tendencies. Anachronistically applying Protestant thought to this ancient church historian said: -
Its simplicity of faith and worship, his reverence for writing, his abhorrence of images and image worship, confession and the doctrine of purgatory, and not to worship the Host at Communion Supper they are the Protestants of Asia.
In 845, during a time of political upheaval and economic Wuzong Emperor decreed that Buddhism, Christianity and Zoroastrianism is prohibited and considerable property confiscated to the State.
Regarding the Da-chin (Roman Empire) and Muhu (Zoroaster) temples, these should not only heretical religions was abandoned when the Buddhists have been removed, but that all should be obliged to return to lay life and resume their original callings and pay taxes, or whether they are foreigners, shall be returned to their places of origin.
verification [edit]
What began in opposition to the excesses Buddhist, first from the staff of Confucius, was followed by an emperor for the Taoists. Christian monks and nuns were expelled from their monasteries, forced to seek a secular lifestyle, and their properties were confiscated. Books and artifacts were destroyed and in particular those involved of foreign origin, whose continuing role is condemned in the decree were forced to hide and hold services underground or flee. Missions Bactria and Mesopotamia in the eighth, ninth and tenth century, however, the building of churches in several provinces, but the evidence of their status or survival in all provinces Tang is fragmentary.
In 986 a monk informed the Patriarch of the East:
Christianity has become extinct in China, the native Christians have been killed in one way or another, the church has been destroyed and there is only one Christian left on earth.
Daqin Pagoda, May 2003
This may or may not have been true. But the Nestorian Church continued to flourish in throughout Central Asia well into the fourteenth century century between the northern tribes, as Uighurs, Turks and Mongols. However, the record of the last years of the Nestorians in China is full of references to the obituary, a practice Chinese influence is not found in traditional Christianity.
Under the leadership of the Mongols established Yuan Dynasty, Nestorian Christianity, again to gain a foothold in China. When he was overthrown by the native Chinese Ming dynasty, foreign influences, a again became suspicious, and Christians were expelled from China. One of the last monuments known reference to Christianity in China seems to be a dating c. Sanpo discovered in 1365 and Mount () out of town, near Chechang Zhoukoudian in Fangshan District of Beijing (see Yunju Temple). The monument tells the story of a Buddhist monk who visited the site of a Christian monument old and had a vision of a luminous cross. An inscription in the vicinity revealed the presence of a Christian monk near the site as late as 1438.
Christian texts
Tens of Jingjiao (Christian) texts have survived. Some of them are translations of the biblical writings, including the Pentateuch () - known as Genesis, Psalms (), the Gospels (), Acts of the Apostles () and the Pauline epistles ().
References
^ (Quote | First book = | last = Peter Jenkins | year = 2008 | title = Book of The Lost History of Christianity: the golden age thousands of years of the church in the Middle East, Africa and Asia - and how they died instead | New York publisher = | isbn = = Harper Collins | 978-06-147280-0 | pages = 6468))
Couling ^, Charlotte E. (1925). Religion devices: a study of Nestorian Christianity in China. Press Carey. pp. 41.
^ Keung. Ching Feng. pp. 120.
^ Foster, John (1939). The Church in T'ang Dynasty. Great Britain: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. pp. 123.
^ Keung. Ching Feng. pp. 235.
^ Marco Guglielminotti Trivela, "Temple della Croce - Fangshan - Pechino", in Orientalia Christiana Periodica 71 (2005): 457.
External Links
"Did Christianity Us China in the first century? ". christianityinchina.org. http://www.christianityinchina.org/Common/Admin/showNews_auto.jsp?Nid=304&Charset=big5.
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